Shakyamuni Buddha Recitation 13.

5- Thursday 5th in Mahávana, Vesálì (-585)

After the fourth season of retreat at Venuvana, Lord Buddha returned to Vesalia to prepare the fifth retreat at Mahàvana at the request of the Prince of Licchavi. The Mahávana, which had been decorated by the Licchavi princes, consisted of a two-storey, sharp-edged lecture hall called the Chrysanthemum, and a number of ramps scattered throughout the forest. Most of the trees in this forest are of the shorea robusta type.

The Buddha arrived in Vesla shortly thereafter when there was a dispute between Saka and Koliya on the waters of the Rohini River [1] at the border of the two lands.

Dispute between Sàkya and Koliya [2]

Before the settling season, in the month of Jettha (June dl), there was a rift between Saka and Koliya in the Rohinì River (now Rowai River), the boundary between the two lands. Sàkya is the homeland of the Buddha. Koliya is the hometown of the Buddha and also the home of Princess Yasodharà.

No year is drought, no rain, so the water level in Rohinì is very low, not enough for farmers on both sides of the river. Farmer representative of Koliya said:

- River Rohinì this year is too little, not enough for both sides. But our rice is about to ripen. So let us use water first, until the rice is ripe and it will be your turn.

- Rice on our side is also in need of water. Wait until the rice on your side is ripe, then the rice on our side is too weak, then the river has dried up. We will have to go through that please eat. Let us use water first and then use it later.

The word comes back a moment to go to the heavy words:

- They are hungry, they go to Kapilavatthu and beg for food. What items you took as a dog [3] .

- Who say they are dogs now? We now are military lepers living in the forest like animals [4] .

From negotiation to debating, then kicking. In the end, the two armies were arrayed along the banks of the river. The situation becomes dramatic, the war is imminent.

The Buddha is staying at the Hall of Fame in Mahàvana, or believe, rushed to the place to settle the dispute. Asking the commanding generals of the two sides of the army, they said that the other side despised, violating the boundaries and property of the party. No one talks about the true reason for the dispute. It was not until the Buddha talked to the plain-minded farmers that the main reason was the lack of water for irrigation in the two fields.

Thanks to the friendship with both sides, Lord Buddha arranged a meeting between the representatives representing Saka and Koliya to discuss and seek reconciliation. Buddha said:

- You are king, the reason why the water of Rohinì River this year is weak because it is less rainy, the rainy season this year is late. In the next few weeks there will be rain, as long as the water level is back to normal, the people on both sides of the river will have enough water. If there were to be a war, not only should the soldiers die or be disastrous, but the people and the fields of both sides would suffer unforeseen damage. Now, do you think that your life, the soldiers, the people is important, or the water of the Rohini and the garden is important?

- Lord, the life of human of course is more valuable.

- That's right! Then Tathagata advised you to seek mediation to temporarily divide the river Rohinì equally to the people on both sides of the river with temporary water. Wars are often deadly and hateful, and never bring about a good solution, even to the victor.

"Dear friends,  we will be happy by eliminating hatred when living among hated people (Dhammapada, verse 197); We will be happy to know how to live well among the sick (Dhammapada, verse 198); We will be happy if we know the pure life among the ambitious people (Dhammapada, verse 199). Victory of animosity, failure to suffer, failure to fight, live happily ever after (Dhammapada, song 201).

Then the Buddha said shelf:

"It humiliates me, attacks me!

"It won me, my robbery!

"Who in the heart of that thought,

"Such hatred does not cease. (Dumb Lecture, Unit 3)

"It humiliates me, attacks me!

"It won me, my robbery!

Does not contain that thought,

"Such hatred will gradually diminish . (Dhammapada, Unit 4)

"Enemies in the world

Not destroyed by the yard.

"No yard to eliminate the anger,

"The eternal law of the ancients . (Dhammapada, Unit 5)

Listen to the 250 sultans of Sàkya and 250 kings of Koliya ordained to the Buddha. Due to the Buddha's intervention, the two sides reached an agreement on dividing water for the people of the two rivers while waiting for the rainy season. The emperor's withdrawal from the tide, narrated the Buddha's words to Suddhodana king, King Suppabuddha, courtiers and their wife and children heard. Two Sàkya and Koliya reestablished the same intimacy.

King Suddhodana died [5] (-585)

This year Buddha is 39 years old. When the fifth season of Veslas settlement has ended, it is reported from Kapilavatthu Suddhodana Sultan seriously ill. This year the king was 81 years old. It was the king who sent the deity Mahatma, the prince Sukkodana, to visit the Buddha in order to see his face for the last time.

Kapilavatthu City is 220 km northwest of Vesalia. Mahānāma asked the Buddha to use a carriage for fast return before the king's death. The Buddha accepts and tells Anuruddha, Nanda, Ananda and Rahula together. Everyone got in the car by noon. Prince Licchavi and Ambapàli were not good enough to leave. Only the mourners send the Buddha to the gate of the lecture hall Kuanggara. After the Buddha's departure, over two hundred monks, most of whom belonged to the Skakya Order, also set off for Kapilavatthu, in the north-west. They wanted to be with the Buddha at Suddhodana's cremation.

Going to Kapilavatthu, Buddha went to the royal palace. Queen Mahà Pajàpati took him to his bedside. King Suddhodana saw the Buddha was thrilled, his mouth smiled contentedly, two tears rolling slowly on his wrinkled cheeks. The Buddha wiped the tears with the towel and took his father's hand and said,

- My father was here. Please feel free to please. His wife was anxious for royal family, for the people of Sàkya to be happy warm. Now there is nothing else to worry about. Sultan should smile because he fulfilled the responsibility of a monarch according to his ability. Now it is important that the Sūtra should keep the body calm by meditating on the breath. Sister breathing. Breathe in for a long, long, gentle, long breath until your mind is calm and gentle, no longer worrying about anything other than breathing.

The king practiced for a moment, his expression calm, the king said:

- Now we have seen that life is impermanent. Eighty years passed like a dream. The more fame the more miserable. Happiness may come only in a leisurely, idyllic and free life.

- Lord, yes, Buddha said. But it is not late yet. Sister may begin a leisurely life, simple and free now. My dear King, the human body has a young child, human mind but every moment changing, birth and death non-stop, but Chon's heart always constant, constant, is endless peace source. Once the Sublime realizes that the body and mind are impermanent, they are the source of suffering, deserved to be nourished; At that time, the wisdom of the bowl will be brighter and will bring the Sultan back to the heart of true, pure, mysterious, holy of the Royal.

The Buddha continues to lecture about the universe of impermanence, the birth is the death, only the minds of all people are full of ordinary qualities, lost, net, and advised the king should rest on it. King Suddhodana listens, mind is open. Listening to the king, the peace of mind, attained Arahant. Just said :

- Hundred know birth, aging, sickness and death are natural. I have no regrets in this world anymore. Today, there are enough people here, the Exalted and the mandarins arranged to appoint a replacement for water. If I had done something wrong before, I would like you to forgive me before I close my eyes.

The Buddha asked the king for permission to cross the next room with the king. In the only room left Queen Pajàpati sit next to the bed to care for the king. His face was very calm. After the negotiation, everyone accepted the proposal of the Buddha to Mahatàma, the youngest son of Sukkodana prince, ascended to the throne of King Suddhodana.

When everyone came back to the resolution room, Suddhodana happily encouraged everyone to help Mahatma fulfill the mission, especially in the early stages. Having said this, the king calmly closed his eyes in peace. The Buddha advised everyone to go out so that the king could rest. King Suddhodana lay still, enjoying the joy of liberation for seven days and then died.

Empress Pajāpati Gotamì ordained [6]

After Suddhodana tea ceremony is the coronation of Mahānma. The Buddha and the congregation stayed in Kapilavatthu for three months at Nigrodha (Ni Da Da) to spread the word. One day Mahà Pajāpati Gotamì went to the clinic offering some cassocks to the Buddha and the great disciples, and she was asked to be a mendicant. Grandmother :

- The Blessed One, if the Blessed One accepts women to be ordained, renounce their family life to embrace themselves in homeless life, within the framework of the Dhamma and Vinaya announced by the Buddha, In the galaxy there will be more people who inherit the gift of the Buddha. As of now, the ladies of the princes have died or have left the house, and I am living a sad life in the palace, very eager to live the noble life of the monk. Please praise the Buddha gladly accepted.

Buddha silent. A moment later he said:

- No, Mrs. Gotamì.

The second and third time, Mahà Pajapati Gotamì repeated the request, but the Buddha did not approve. She returned to lament with orders Ms. Yasodharà. A few days later Buddha returned to Veslas. To Veslas, the Buddha resides in Mahàvana (Dai Lam).

Staying in Kapilavatthu, Pajāpati Gotamì was not discouraged by the Buddha's refusal. It is said that 250 sisters of Saka and 250 Koliya husbands went home after listening to the Buddha sermon on the banks of the river Rohinì agreed to vows like her, she summon all those 500 and said:

- The Buddha said, in the spirit of moral consciousness, everyone is equal, because everyone is capable of enlightenment and liberation. The Buddha admitted to the noble congregation of the lower class, then no reason he did not let the women left home. If we prove our determination by freeing our hair, taking off all the jewelery, putting the gold on the body, living a homeless mendicant, walking to Veslas to ask for ordination, I Believe that the Blessed One will accept.

Everyone in the meeting was happy to hear Gotam. They honored her as the leader to fulfill her wish to become a monk, because everyone knew she was not a devotee of any resistance. She turned to Yasodhar:

" Hey Gopà, wait patiently, do not follow me on this trip. Without children, things could be easier. As long as I succeed, I will go home later.

Empress Pajàpati and 500 brothers and sisters left at Vesala. [7]

About a month later, at the beginning of 584 BC, at the Mahávana mansion in Vesalia, early in the morning, while going to the lake to get water, Venerable Ānanda saw the orders of Gotama and a large number of women in yellow, Down the hair, go barefoot, are gathered in front of the lecture hall Kyatagara. Unsurprisingly, great virtue came before the order of Mrs. Gotamì asked:

- Your command, why do you stand here in the morning light like this? Why is her legs so swollen and bleeding? And these princesses too ...

- Venerable Ānanda, I and 500 princesses want to give up the lonely life bored at home should have self hair down, put out all the jewelry, give up all material comforts, just wish to live the bar Laudable nobility of the monk. We practiced mendicant living, begging, sleeping under the tree, while taking a vacuum from Kapilavatthu here. We want to show that we can also live the life of the mendicant. May the great virtue bless the Buddha allows us to be ordained.

- Commands and princesses stand here waiting. I will go to the White Buddha. I promise to do my best.

Venerable Ānanda came to the Buddha am just as the meditation Buddha stood up, wearing clothes, going to walking meditation with the teacher Nagita. Ananda White Buddha:

" Praise the Blessed One, look at this, Pajapati Gotam and 500 ladies standing in front of the auditorium, swollen feet from the Kapilavatthu vaccum coming here, dusty and dusty. Sorrow sorrow. May the Lord rejoice in the acceptance of women's renunciation of family life, the closure of the homeless life, within the framework of the Dharma and Vinaya that the Buddha declared. Lord Buddha, would be a great virtue for women if women were allowed to renounce their family life to practice the noble life of homeless mothers.

- Enough, Ànanda, Tathagata can not accept the women's ordination.

The second and third times the Venerable Ānanda tried to beg, but Lord Buddha refused. After a thoughtful thought, Venerable Ānanda again respectfully:

- Buddha, the woman likely achieved attainment Tu-momentum-completion (Sotapatti), Tu-momentum-function (Sakadagami), A-na-jaw (Anagami) and Arhat (Arahatta) No, if they practice strictly according to the Dharma and Vinaya that the Buddha declared?

- Ānanda, Buddha replied, anyone who cultivates in accordance with the Dharma and Discipline of the almighty congregation can achieve the following results:

" Fruit is the first location-complete Tu-momentum (Sotapatti) : By contemplating words to so is [8] religion. By virtue of knowledge, it is necessary to know the beginning, the cessation, the sweetness, the danger, the five aggregates; How to remove the defilements [9], especially the three fetters (mind, banned, skeptical), the mind is pure and began to enter the holy line, discharge sex, persistent gender son, keep the body pure mouth, attained  a Stream . (This fruitful person, called  Sotàpanna , has followed the Four Noble Truths, Right Thought to eliminate the three fetters.)

" The second is Sakadàgàmi : the three fetters (samyojana) are the self, the bodied and skeptical; Greed, anger, delusion, thin; The body is dreadful, less static, the mind is gentle, no net bar ceiling, the most  hybrid , only reborn in the human realm, then will be born in the heavens. (This fruitful person, called  Sakadàgàmin , has followed the Four Noble Truths of Right Action, Right Action to eliminate the three fetters and mitigate greed.

" Fruits third A-na-jaw (Anagami) : Has the except five lower fetters are greed, hatred itself is, obvious and cynical precepts; three now (body, speech and mind) and six senses (eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body and mind) are pure, attained  Any refund , no rebirth in the realms of education again but will be born in the realm of Excellence And Formless. (This fruitful person, called  Anàgàmin , has followed the Four Noble Truths of Right Action, Right Effort to eliminate the five branches of the fetter).

" Fruits fourth Arhat (Arahatta) : Has rid all negativity and delusion, are smuggled-take-position, the Career Radio-learning [10] , attained  Radio-born [11] The mind is always peaceful, full, full of good means to teach beings, deserve to receive all the offerings of heaven and people. (This fruitful person, known as  Arahant or  Arahat or  Arhat , has followed the Four Noble Truths of Right Mindfulness, Right Concentration, Right Effort, and Right Effort to eliminate the five fetters of fetus. Sent, conceited, ignorant).

Inspired by this favorable reply, the great virtue of Ānanda asked the Buddha again:

- Blessed Buddha, so that women if allowed to leave the practice can also bear holy fruit! Is it Bach, the order Maha Pajapati Gotamì this year is 81 years old, she has a lot of nurturing the Buddha. She took care of him, took care of him, took care of her on behalf of Maha Maha. In order to show that the women could also live a homeless mendicant, she and 500 princesses of the Saka and Koliya clods down their hair, discard all jewelry, go barefoot, sleep under a tree, Eat, from Kapilavatthu come here. May the Blessed One accept the orders of grandmother and princess to be ordained in the Dharma of the Blessed One. Women from now also will take refuge, practice the Dharma to be free from the scene of suffering reincarnation. Lord Buddha,

Buddha silent. A moment later, he told his attendant Nagita to invite the great virtues of Sarriputta, Moggallana, Anuruddha, Bhaddiya, Kimbila and Mahà Kassapa to the discussion. After consulting with the great disciples, the Buddha said:

- Ānanda, you come to inform Maha Pajāpati that if your order and the princesses fully accept the following "Eight reverence", then Tathagata will agree to the establishment of the nuns . The eight revereds ( Bowls of France , Garudhammà) of the nuns are:

1-Bhikshuni, no matter how old, old age, always have to pay homage to a monk.

2- Monks and nuns can not enter (vassa) where there are no monks.

3- Every two months, the Bhikkhuni Bhikkhuni must send the Bhikkhu who appoints the Uposatha [12] and the hour of visitation, teaching and encouragement of the nuns.

4. At the end of the monastery, the Bhikkhunī ordination must be carried out in the presence of other monks and nuns (to review the three seeings, hears and doubts, Mistake point does not.

The bhikkhunī ordinarians who have been sentenced to death are subjected to Manatta punishment [13] before monks and nuns.

6-consciousness (sikkhamnà, school) [14] has lived for eight years in two years, can receive bhikkhuni ordination before monks and nuns.

7- In any case, monks and nuns do not have the right to blame or bother with monks (bhikkhu, bhiksu).

8- Monks are not allowed to repent with monks (bhikkhuni, bhiksuni), but bhikkhuni can repent with the monks.

"These precepts must be respected for life, respected and not changed, move.

When Venerable Ānanda returned, the sun rose high. Madam Pajapati and 500 women patiently wait. After hearing the Buddha's recitation and the message, "Pajāpati said,

- Venerable Ānanda, great virtue to the Buddha: When a beautiful and young girl to bathe with fragrant water that someone brings a flower, flowers with lotus flowers fragrant, Then the girl would happily bring her arms up to her head. Likewise, we are happy to accept the "Eight Bowl" and will respect the "Eight Immortal Bishops" forever if we are allowed to leave.

Then she turned to the princess:

- Children, do not be afraid. The most important thing is that we are ordained as mendicant (bhikkhuni, bhiksuni). The things in the  "Eight Immortal Bowl" are not obstacles to our study, but the gateway for us to enter into the Noble Dhamma .

Venerable Ānanda was happy to report this to the Buddha. That afternoon, the first 501 women were ordained for ordained ordination (samaneri). Mahà Pajāpati Gotamì was appointed novice chief [15] . Ms. Ambapali asked the Buddha to use her mango orchard to make the nuns' monks. Venerable Sariputta was entrusted by the Buddha to teach the mundane practices of ordination in novitana. Give newspaper:

- Master, I allow monks to be ordained nuns for women (Tripitaka, Little Things, vol. 2: 519). But the woman who requested ordination should be confirmed by the Bhikkhu Sangha after asking the obstacles [16] about the woman (Vinaya, Lek, vol. 2: 574-580).

The following day, the Buddha said:

- Ānanda, if women are not allowed to escape the secular world to embrace the homeless lifestyle within the framework of the Dhamma and Vinaya that Tathagata has announced, the life of the monk and the Dharma will exist. Up to 1000 years. But now women have been allowed to live life without a home, the homeless life and Dharma only exist 500 years alone [17] .

Then the Buddha added:

- Ānanda, in the house where there are more women and less men, theft will be easy to fall into. Also, in any Dhamma and Vinaya, if women are allowed to renounce the world to live without homelessness, the spiritual life will not last long. Just as the other man dug across the large lake to stop the water from overflowing, the Tathagata prevented by issuing the Eight Bikkhuni Bhikkhuni Bhikkhu, to be kept unbroken for all eternity.

Seven days later, Mahà Pajāpati came to ask for advice from the Buddha. She said:

- Lord, I am now high age, the Blessed Compassion only teach me briefly the method of cultivation can help me progress quickly on the way to liberation.

- Gotam, in daily life, cultivators must clearly realize that what leads to craving does not lead to craving; Come to tie, do not come to escape the binding; To the accumulation, not to the accumulation; To much desire, not to desire little; To resentment, not to rejoicing; To conceit, not to reverence; Enjoy the urban scene, not favorite hide; Danguine, not diligent; Difficult to be satisfied, without virtue; those things certainly not under Dharma (Dhamma), not under the Vinaya (Vinaya), not the teaching of the Lord Master [18] . Know what to avoid, what to do. In addition to diligent practice of mindfulness of breathing (änàpàna sati),

Mahà Pajāpati bowed out. She diligently practiced what the Buddha taught. Soon after, she attained Arahantship. Five hundred princesses of Sàkya and Koliya joined the monks, later attaining Arahantship.

From the date of the nuns, a monk of the Buddha began to be called congregational fourfold, including: Monks (Bhikkhu, bhiksu), nuns (bhikkhuni, bhiksuni), good men (Upasaka) [20] , Female believer (upàsikà) [21] .

Maha Pajapati, after careful study, presented the Buddha with the nuns' clothing and was approved by the Buddha. A dress of a monk consists of:

- an antàravasaka, ie the lower pants.

- A uttarasangha is the top dress.

- a sanghàti is the outer jacket.

In addition to the above three, bhikkhuni is allowed to have:

- a samkaksika to tie the hip.

- A kusulaka serves as a dress.

In addition to these three sets and a bowl, the mendicants also have the right to have a fan to fan mosquitoes and cover their heads when it is sunny, a cloth racket filter drinking water, a needle, a few, a toothpick Flossing, a knife to shave the hair twice a month.

The suffering life of nun Uppalavannà [22]

One day, passing a park in Veslas, the great Moggallàna met a salty lady who stood in the way of great virtue, glancing thoughtfully teasing. It is Uppalavannà, a flower in the female. The people call her Uppalavannà, they give her a beautiful fresh look like a lotus green. Venerable Moggallàna looked straight at this woman and knew she was a woman with a lot of suffering. Venerable said:

- She has a beautiful appearance, superficial outfit, but I know her soul filled with pain. Her karma is heavy and she sits in the muddy road every day. You should wake up as soon as possible.

Uppalavannas panic, see this mendicant to see through inside. But she tried to keep her face calm, smiling and said,

- Maybe you are right. But I have no other way.

- Why are you so pessimistic? Regardless of the past, one can still divert to build a brighter future. Clothes dirty, we use river water for washing. Body dirty, I bath. Mind turbid turbidity and boring, we use the noble Dhamma to repair. The Buddha said, " Everyone is capable of enlightenment and liberation. Everyone is capable of becoming a Buddha. Just learn the right Dharma practice . "

Uppalavannà took the towel slowly tears, sobbing said:

- But my life is full of transgression and sin. I also did not save the Buddha as teacher.

- No problem. She told me myself to try.

Uppalavannada recounted that she was the daughter of a wealthy family in the capital, Ragagaha. She married at the age of sixteen. After the death of her father-in-law, her mother-in-law went to bed with her husband. At that time Uppalavannà gave birth to a daughter. Witnessing incest, she left home, leaving her daughter alone. A few years later she met a businessman in Benares and was married to him. Some time later, it was heard that her husband bought a maid to hide in a house on the outskirts of the city. She found jealousy, discovered that it was her daughter in the past.

Extreme pain, she left home, bringing hatred both heaven and earth people. She no longer believes in anyone. In the capital city of Vesalia, she is a professional woman, just money, gorgeous jewelry and material pleasures. Morality for her is only illusion, false, does not mean true. For her, the cassette is just a layer of hypocrisy covering the despair of human desires. To prove that she just provocative, teasing the Moggallana.

Speaking of that, Lotus Flower face to face crying hands. Wait Uppalavanna finished crying, Moggallana new moral began to advise her to let go of the past and start living a noble life that benefits both themselves and others. Then he brought her Uppalavannà to meet Buddha. The Buddha comforted Uppalavannà and allowed her to practice the practice under the tutelage of Pajāpati Gotamì.

Uppalavannà was given the responsibility to close, open the doors and clean the auditorium. One day, just lit a candle in the amphitheater, Uppalavanna suddenly stood stared intently flickering candle burning, Fellowship Development Center  shop fire element , an instant later attained Arhat and attained the five. Soon, Uppalavannà became an exemplary, well-known monk. When Devadatta rebelled against the Buddha, Uppalavann went to Mount Gayàsìsa, scolded by Devadatta and beaten to death by Devadatta. Khema and Uppalavannas are two great Buddha disciples, just like Sariputta and Moggallana.END=NAM MO AMITABHA BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH GIAC TAM.THE MIND OF ENLIGHTENMENT.VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN AMITABHA PURELAND=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.11/5/2017.