Chapter One - The Buddha
Tiet I

Buddha History

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Reviews About Use Value.
There are many different historical record of the date, month and year related to the historical events Buddha. Buddhist scholars and Buddhist researchers noted several reasons for such discrepancies. For example, Liang Qichao in "Ten bowl Buddhist Studies disasters," said: "Since the Indians despised history, besides, their concept of time is very vague, so the language textbook for India dating back to the Buddha's birth and death are not a copy of any clear and verifiable "(1). In this regard, not exactly Indians have no clear conception of time, or no clear historical conception. History shows that the Indians have the earliest historical notions, especially in Buddhism. We can see many historical past Nikayas years and four A-levels (Agamas), through the inscriptions of Ashoka (Asoka), in prejudice Law, Pi-she-sa, A-Pi-Dat ma etc. ..
the writer thinks the difference in the history of Buddha dating back may be due to the simple reason of the following:
- Calendar of various ancient nations, and recording schedule that was different Western calendar with the world today are taking, it is different from the Chinese lunar calendar.
- the Buddha in the world, including the period of the first compiler, the priest shortage recording conditions, only reciting . When reciting, the disciples are often remembered doctrinal content of liberation that hard to remember right now, the month of historical events, or do not pay attention to record the date, month ... It is also possible that the use data recorded properly the day, month history, but undergoing changes, wars, etc .. lineage century historians such data is lost, or the wrong notes.
- Sometimes due to contention accept influence of other schools of that day, month and year of birth of the gods or of ideology otherwise be corrected, such as competition cases affecting Buddha, Lao, Confucianism in China.
- It can with the pagan false documents fraudulently due to the historical documents of Buddhism to serve pagan intentions.
- It may be due to social reasons, the politics of the era, the material to be recorded to deviate, or recorded by the subjective and limited edition of the textbook.
- data can also be recorded and be governed by the concept of the sect.
Through a number of reasons just mentioned, we not too concerned with the accuracy of some of the historical events and the date of Buddha's history. It should be noted the most historical, including inscriptions of Ashoka, have confirmed the Buddha is a historical figure, not a mythological character, though, seen in the eyes of North or South visceral organs.
here, people write history based Buddha Sutras Nikaya, canonic A-levels (Agama), inscriptions of Ashoka and documents of congresses World Buddhist Association second international conference in Tokyo in 1952, with further reference materials of Edward J. Thomas Buddhism (author of "the Life of Buddha as Legend and History", "Buddhist Thought", "Early Budhist Scriptures") and taiken Kimura (author of the "History of thought Theravada, Mahayana and Theravada").
Bodhisattva Before You Enter Thai.
South and North visceral organs different view of the Buddha, and the Venerable Mahasanghikas He also looked different.
North organ that has become a Buddha Buddha long, kiepy nà just manifested. Male organ argue that this life is the life of Bhagavan finally become a Buddha; previous life, he is the Bodhisattva in Heaven and-power (Tusita) - heaven heaven fourth of six World Education (Four Heavenly Kings, Three decades triangle, Da-ma, oil-interest. It turns optimistic and Tha self-in). This realm has four thousand lifespan, equivalent to five hundred and seventy-six million years of man on Earth (longitude and four, Digha III of France Friendship Hi Friends monk, Central III; monk Friends French, Chinese A-levels, some 32 college I, 469c; and business Class, Sub-Department of).
the concept of the North organ was similar to religious views of the majority of other religions, tend surreal , your sanctification cardinal.
Venerable Buddha of the look more realistic way, that goes with the historical facts. But both South and North organ, confirmed: before the Buddha, Bhagavan called a Bodhisattva in the head-capacity.
The existence of this ninety-one (1 life "kappa, kalpa": by the life of a world, with a day and night of Brahma heaven, by four thousand three hundred and twenty million years in earth: according Glossary of Amarasimhakosa Sanskrit), Exalted Pi-she-examination (Vipassi) was born. Thirty-one lives this way, Bhagavan Thi-air (Sikhi), Pi-amnesty-line (Vessasbhu), sentence-flow-sheet (Kakusandha), sentence-na-function (Konagamana) and Ca-lettuce Venerable (Kassapa ) was born. (As a rule of Tang Area Huu Dai Bon and France, as both cited above).
At the top-rate, Bhagavan always dwell in mindfulness-awareness. One time, some of the gods at the top-rate and devas in the realm of Lust, "the gods have previously been Exalted Pi-she-edification competition - for Bodhisattva narrated about the events cardholders Sun previously has launched and asked Bodhisattva ceiling down to sentient beings. " Now is the time of the Buddha.
Bodhisattva In Thai mother.
(As a rule of Hi Friends The Friends Fa Tsang; The French Huu Tang ...)
At the end of life in oil-interest, mindfulness-awareness bodhisattva enters pregnant mother, Empress Ma-da (Mayadevi) in the capital city of Ca -The-la-defense (Kapilavatthu, Skt. Kapilavastu). 
Then a miraculous halo, halo Devas away win, away win sunlight, illuminating wanders, over to the dark place where light the sun can not shine through, ten thousand world vibrations, strong shocks in the pregnant mother bodhisattva like diamonds in the light box, electronic four guarding the four corners Thien heaven, do not let him or species the other species of insult to the fetus and Queen. 
during pregnancy, the mother enjoys the full year merit education (color, sound, smell, taste, touch) and fetal obvious as obvious jewel in the heart hands, full of body parts, flawless. The gestation period is ten months. During this time, mothers usually happy heart, do not start up with any sexual attention of the opposite sex does. 
The birth.
(As a rule of four; The French Huu Tang ...)
According to Buddhist legend, the mother of Bodhisattvas standing is born. Empress Ma-da Prince birth place of veteran Radio-Pros flower, while playing in the royal garden flowers Lumbini (Lumbini). When out of the womb, Prince majesty as a Sorcerer walking down the French court, bright as a ruby, pure, non-stick dirt from a mother's heart, feet not touching the ground prince, there Thien four freedoms (and then moved to the human hand), placed before the Queen and the Prince said: "the queen just happy. the queen has given birth to a great man." From nowhere with a stream of warm water and a cool water bath for the Prince and Queen. Prince foot stand, facing north, to walk seven steps (this is the traditional seven steps of the Buddha), with white parasols shading, looking all directions, then spoke quietly said, sounding like birds Ca-steering-frequency-old (live at Hi-code), just like the sound of Taurus bass hero king, saying, "I am the ultimate level in life. I am the ranks Revere in life. Now the last life, not was born again. " 
the tradition of North organ and A-levels (Beijing General Ban Duyen) said that the Prince was born from the right hand side of the Queen, walking or steps, hand to heaven, and said, pointing to land "heaven and earth than I am the only." 
Then, a magical aura ... around ten thousand world premiere, the world will reverberate, vibrate. 
the world Buddhist Congress meeting Any II in Tokyo (Japan), 1952, recorded the birth of Buddha is the full moon day of the month Vesaskha India, in 624 BC. The date of this year based on the tradition of Buddhism in Sri Lanka. Accordingly, from the Buddhist calendar years Buddha attained Nirvana, in 544 BC. 
According to Edward J. Thomas in "The Life of Buddha as Legend and History", published in London in 1956, the date of birth on in 563 BC. This calculation is based on the inscriptions of the reign of the king of Ma-out-momentum, Ashoka and Chandagupta, relate to historical facts of the Buddha. 
According to the Liang Qichao, in episode "Buddhism research Ten bowl bias ", cites the word" prejudice Law ", the Buddha attained Nirvana in the 35th dynasty king Kinh Chau, or Who is to life the state of Lu Gong 7th year, ie the year 485 BC; instant after Buddha attained Nirvana, venerable Pros-three-cup (Upali) compiler Vinaya, setting the bias law. Each year, on the suicide, the law was offering incense offerings and burn on the back of a point (dot). This Code is continuous lineage. His Sangha-da-la-baht (Sanghabhadra) brought into the Law to China Qi birth, 489 years of Western history and literature translated into Chinese at Truc Lam Pagoda, Guangzhou. He committed suicide five days to record the first point 967 (Based on years ago to determine the Buddha entering Nirvana). 
Than The Prince.
(According to the General Duty; Business Class - Sutta Nipatta; inscriptions of Ashoka; and Edward J. Thomas document).
The prince named Siddhartha (Siddhata, Skt. Siddhar-tha), the father is the king Shuddhodana (Suddhodana) and mother is Queen Ma-da (Maya), the Sakya lineage (Sakya, Skt. Sakya), Sat-insole-class interests (Khattya, Skt. Kastriya), in the capital than- Pi-la-defense (Kapilavatthu, Skt. Kapilavastu) of Nepal Therai Northeast India. 
Di Ma pattern of Prince's three-bar-ha-ba-threads (Mahapajapati) siblings of Empress Ma-da , daughter of king Anjana, Koliya family. 
Seven days after the birth, Ma-skin queen of heaven and waterfall birth-rate. Ms. Ma-ha-ba-ba-recommended bar-Prince nurture future successor to the King. 
Chess Adventure Of Prince
(Beijing University Bon, Business Class, Elementary Nikaya).
Immediately after the birth, the King summoned Brahmin minister to see Prince. The Brahmin said to him: "Prince has full thirty-two general good, is a great man. Who has the full thirty-two general you will be a cakkavatti if living at home, would be a Arhat, if ordained Enlightenment ". A-Way Private Investment Master-da (ASITA) practitioner at Mount Hi-code, which had been obedient Devas Three decades triangle discussed Prince that he will be Career Enlightenment, asserts said "Prince ordained definitely, definitely will become a Buddha and turn the wheel. " 
Thirty-two general Prince quarter include:

1. The soles of feet flat.
2. Slim heel.
3. Fingers, toes elongated.
4. Arms, legs soft.
4. Leather leg mesh screen.
6. Round ankle as scallops.
7. Leg shin as mountain goats.
8. Sleeved knee-length.
9. Museum Gen. sound code.
10. Skin smooth, sticky dust can not.
11. Each pore has a hair growing.
12. Color such as copper, gold color.
13. Ingrown hairs spin to the right, such as topical dark blue eyes.
14. Higher body straight.
15. Round seven seats deported.
16. His half body of a lion before.
17. No concave alternates between the two roles.
18. Body balance as tropical almond tree (Nigrodha), body height by the length of two outstretched arm.
19. Round square torso.
20. Very sharp taste.
21. Lion's jaw.
22. There are forty teeth.
23. Teeth with no openings.
24. Smooth teeth.
25. Regular teeth.
26. Wide and long tongue.
27. Quiet voice as the sound of birds Ca-steering-frequency-old
28. Sometimes dark blue eyes.
29. Eyelashes like a cow.
30. There is a fine white hairs between the brows.
31. Two soles have two wheels with a toothpick thousand vehicles.
32. There protuberance on the head.

Some other documents also mention adding extra eighty beauty anymore. 
Life And Education Of Prince
(According to the Beijing General Duty, Ministry of Economic School III; Scripture Bridge, Central Economics I, General Economic Saccaka, Central Business I; Nidanakattha, Elementary ministry; Kinh La-ma, A-levels; Great I 775C).
childhood, Prince is the king and Di sample pamper, care and education flawless, is people love because.The Dr. Pi-sa list-density multi-la (Visvamistra) taught Prince of documents; San-threads-threads-grandmother (Ksantidiva) taught martial arts since age seven. Soon after Prince martial adept writer. 
Also outstanding talent, Prince is the master and the people you love glasses and human virtue. 
In a ceremony Down fields (down filled), chaired by the king , amid the ladies engrossed watching the ceremony, Prince, then was little, I sit cross-legged under a tree Gioi (Rose-apple) and the entries and Private meditation. When his father saw the shadow again thoughtful, serene air of Prince filled religion, was surprised exclaimed: "Oh, dear me! This is the second time father bows to you" (first time on at birth). 
Growing up, Prince All-reaching radar always looked contemplative life. King was worried, for construction of three buildings with three climatic seasons, and passed to the Crown Prince at the age of sensual fullness year. But earthly happiness does not get relief from export concerns that, Prince was a day closer to the decision to become. The king married Princess rush neighbors Yasodharā (Yasodhara), a stunningly sharp pages, for Prince flavor hoping she would love Prince leg. 
There are times out of four the gate, walk more garden, witnessed the birth scene, aging, illness, death, heart prince became melancholy, ranging to the extreme. 
one day, talk to a doctor Path sexual ly life, Prince see glimpse behind this serene type a path to liberation. 
now, Prince has twenty-nine years old, she Yasodharā recently pregnant (with records at the time she was born Rahula ). Prince was determined to abandon the gold supply to the green forest to find religion. 
Way from Acts Of Prince.
(According to the Bible Bridge, Central Economics I, General Economic Saccaka; Kinh La-Ma; Great I. 775C; Beijing Leo Hong, General I, Central I; Business Dry Warm, A-levels, the Great I. 584- C; inscriptions of Ashoka; and document Kimura taiken).
Seeing this sense of impermanence and suffering are down around the living pavilion, February full moon lunar night, the prince on horseback Kien-monitoring (Kanthaka) along with loyal servant Xa-anonymously (Chandaka) reached on Hy-code royal leaving behind the life you love and kingdom. 
at the base of Mount Snow, Prince again far-anonymous goodbye dear Kien-monitoring and cherish (Use copy, later Kien-monitoring stop eating and die). His front is green forest, behind him is being Prince. 
Prince looking to learn from Adar-la-Aging Multi-na (Alara Kalama), a hermit who realized the Infinite parish property. Soon, he realized what Alara attained. Knowing that this is not the purpose of liberation, he retired from Alara to learn from Pros-da-la-ma Tu Aging (Uddaka Ramaputta), the Taoist Africa attained the ideal non-perception. In just a short time, he realized what Uddaka attained. Knew that this is still in the cycle of birth and death, he left to go, no one to attend religion anymore. He along with five brothers venerable Kieu-ceiling-like (Kodanna) ascetic six years. He became ascetic hermit Junior, Junior UE desk, Junior cup overalls, solitude and meditation Junior. Until the body is only skin and bones, he realized that this is a mistaken path Lane; Then alone a ball away. 
During austerity, there are three special thought previously unmatched arise in his mind. 
- As with a piece of green, sappy, so domestically, it will not pinch to fire. Also, with his heart filled with desire, craving, the age will not attained Enlightenment. 
- As the track was green, having picked out of the country, will not be fire kindled up. Also, with hearts full of greed, brain temperature, the age will not go to the Supreme Bodhi enlightenment? 
- As the dry stick, is taken out of the water, and to dry land on a site, with map making fire, people can pinch on fire. Also, with sexual renunciation loving heart, craving, practitioners can attain the Arhat, Enlightenment (2). 
He began to put all the effort into the practice of meditation, using tame Center toothpick. Excessive cultivation efforts, his body and his mind was painful vibrations. He held his breath to set the longest time can be held, much less heard painful insecurity. More breathless effort again, he still does not see the light of liberation. Suddenly, in a moment, he remembered the experience of meditation on holiday Down Admin field (plowing), his heart filled with joy, he believes this is the gateway to the right enlightenment. 
He went to the Ma-out-momentum ( Magadha) Pros-term convergence-frequency touch-speakers (Uruvela), which offers a beautiful clump of forest, rivers with clear, smooth running close, with very begging villages. He stopped and chose this as the last outpost to find religion. 
He holds mindfulness, mindfulness meditation, and sexual ly sharp turn to the Quartet, afferent to Sanming, He clearly causal, smart volition positively, knowing that:

Due to this presence, that thing exists;
therefore this birth, the other being;
therefore commit ignorance, by operating with knowledge etc ..

He sees the causes of suffering: it is the start of the set is the set of conditions Twelve originator of the entire mass of ill. In this intensive one, he proved par Additional information (Additional par league) clearly immeasurable his past lives (the Self). 
Sang second watch, he proved Thien label information (intelligence Thien label), evident countless lifetimes too past of beings, with human and effect now, and clear career paths beings life. 
Through the third watch, he volition reverse Origination:

Because this is not available, the other one can not;
therefore this one kill, kill the other;
therefore ignorance should kill kill etc .. act

His lifelike see suffering, cause of suffering, the cessation of suffering and the path leading to an end to suffering. In this soup, he proved to take informed Gonorrhea (gonorrhea take intelligent), know that here the last life, no longer reborn - At the top of a soup, as in meditation is optimistic when he saw God's ear ultimately informed , Tha sufficient information clearinghouse and Spirit. Thus in the third watch, he proved Clerk informed enough. 
By the farming year, he volition forward and reverse directions. Origination, found that:

Due to this there is, the other has;
therefore this birth, the other being;
therefore this is not available, the other one can not;
therefore this one kill, kill the other.

Yes at the day star arise, he attained Supreme Enlightenment. He is the Arhat Enlightenment is the first in life. Later, he was proclaimed canopy is Exalted, full ten titles: Tathagata, application offerings, the chief variable Tri, Minh Hanh sufficiency, Auspicious, the World League, Supreme Master Diaoyu macho, Thien Sphinx, Buddha, the Exalted. 
path Church turns.
Blessed wonder if the road teaching: the teaching of liberation, the delicate, intimate, sexual ly, selflessness, runs counter to the desires and practices of self reflection human, how humans accept that philosophy? 
Between that time, Brahma Sahampati Bhagavan appeared messianic appeal, turning the wheel of happiness for gods and men. Then picture lotus pond in front, with the lotus stalks themselves out of the water, with the stalks halfway, there are stems in water so deep .. Bhagavan inspired in radical disagreement image of man: there are less frugal as the lotus in the lake bed, the average radical as the lotus in the middle of water, also has good roots can absorb the teachings of his deliverance, as the lotus was extruded out of the water to absorb sunlight. Bhagavan immediately decided to road transport wheels France. 
He used observe Property label who is predestined to be the first. He thought of two former teachers, Alara and Uddaka. Two people who reincarnate. Then he thought of the five men who ascetic, that they are residing in the Deer Park (Deer Park), in Banares (Baranasi). He immediately walked to it. Here, the first sermon preached the word to be called "Turning of the Wheel". After listening, venerable Kieu-ceiling-like (Kodanna) attained Tu-momentum-complete. Exalted acquired in venerable as the first disciples. 
* The first time, formed the Three Jewels, the beginning of the Buddhist Church .
Bhagavan faculty to Anatta, that the five aggregates are impermanent, if anyone get rid of the craving, it will be out of rebirth, be liberated. Five Venerable: Kieu-ceiling-like (Kodanna) Ba-Phase (Vappa), Ba-threads (Bhaddhiya), Ma-ha-nam (Mahanama) and Theory of Market (Assaji) respectively attained Arhat. 
Exalted to the Da-amnesty (Yasa) in Benares with four others, all of which attained Arhat. So, in Benares, the Church made up of ten an Arhat (including Exalted). 
After ten your teaching Arhat per're first on a grass roots level for promoting morality, World Sun continues Skip Pros-term-frequency-speakers (Uruvela) sermon of three brothers Ca-lettuce (Kassapa), and nearly a thousand students of his father. Here, King Bimbisara (Bimbisara) Exalted audience. After hearing the lecture Exalted, the king understands the legal, Bhagavan immediately invite the same thousand Arhat meal, then offered Bhagavan and Truc Lam monastery monks (Veluvana), a campus large near Rajgir. Now is the Vesakha months, between April and May of the calendar year, the summer retreat season.  The Church of the Blessed One's first rainy season retreat here . The next two months Vassa, the Exalted and the monks residing in Rajgir. It was during this time, an ascetic hermit has nearly five hundred disciples, including the Venerable Sariputta (Sariputta) and Section-Kien-Contact (Mahamoggallana), the chemical is Bhagavan. From there, usually have a thousand two hundred and fifty monks accompanied the Exalted. 
The venerable Sariputta and venture capital Section-devout-two cronies. On the way to find the path of liberation, before meeting Bhagavan, venerable Sariputta attained Tu-momentum-complete results when first heard venerable theory says marketing professor summary is causal. Then, before the Blessed One, two venerable have attained Arhat. 
The venerable Sariputta is the most intellectual level of the Church, Venerable Section-devout-venture is the One First Kabbalah. Due to this reason, Bhagavan chose Venerable Sariputta as the firstborn, the Dharma Army General rank and select the venerable Moggallana Monday disciples. From there, the two venerable often behalf Exalted to guide Sangha. This is a time marked by strong performance Buddhist Church under the leadership of the Blessed One. 
Between the winter of that year, Bhagavan returned Ma-out-momentum, The King or news, immediately sent an angel and delegation of a thousand people to invite to visit imperial Bhagavan. Both delegations were ordained. The king sent a delegation of a thousand other people invited. All are ordained again, not returning tide. The third time the king appointed Ka-da-di-note (Kaludayi), sons of lords, as you age youth of Prince All-reaching radar, Ka-da-di-up also ordained. All two thousand of the two envoys and Ka-da-di-saving are attained Arhat. Soon, Ka-da-di-white save up Bhagavan's request the King. Bhagavan accepted, then the one thousand two hundred and fifty monks to goods of the Royal House. 
Then Nan-momentum (Nanda), brother of Bhagavan, and Rāhula (Rahula) children of Bhagavan are ordained. King was elected Tu-momentum-function, portable form Ma-ha-ba-ba-recommended confinement Tu-momentum-completed acquisition (the latter with her cell samples Yasodharā ordained and attained A-la -hate); the King in a prime location and Arhat god at discharge report, in accordance with Buddhist tradition Kinh-momentum recorded in four. Ba-topic princes (Bhaddiya), A-recruiter-term-momentum (Anuruddha), Ananda (Ananda), Ba-old (Bhagu), Silver-question-la (Kimbila), Thread-she-Dat multi (Devadatta) and barber's princes, Pros-three-cup (Upali), would also ordained. She started from scratch attained instant-Sanming, A-recruiter-term-momentum attained God and Tuc brands par intelligence, Ananda attained Tu-momentum-complete. Pros-three-cup later attained Arhat, Devadatta obtained Charity gender identity. 
Continue the journey uncultivated, Bhagavan to Xa-defense (Savatthi) the layman Anathapindika (Anathapindika), check the garden and Vihara States Complete (Jetavana) offered by this layman and laywoman of dialysis (Visakha). Two people lay this very powerful protector, daily to persistently prodding and lo quarterfinals Buddha offerings (robes, food, medicine and couch) for monks. 
In Thursday after the World Ton of directors, Ms. Ma-three-bar-ba-started Bhagavan accepted, through solicitation request of Venerable Ananda, the conditions attached ordained "irreverent French."  Ni Church out move from here . 
from here, the Church monks and nuns established with Boost-Ni quite crowded, many religious laws began to be established. 
According to Edward J. Thomas document, Chapter X, in "the Life of Buddha as Legend and History ", some discipline problems begin to take shape in the sixth year after turning the wheel of Bhagavan, and a clear picture of the tenth year after the date of enlightenment. According to the Vinaya rules certainly arises from the thirteenth year, as venerable Pros-she-ly in charge (this issue will be discussed at the World study, Dharma chapter). 
In the church Increase and Ni, Bhagavan was depending grace and every class of society, irrespective of rich and poor, men and women, on man, who had high levels of education, low status and so on:

- Venerable Shariputra and Section-devout-linked component delegates scholars and intellectuals.
- The venerable A-recruiter-term-momentum, Ananda ... component represents royalty, kings.
- Venerable Pros-three-ly deputies working class.
- Angulimala was a robber.
- Women are false religions Patacara commoners, were deranged with grief at the (lost parents, children, husband and children).
- A Dalit girl.
- nun's capital Addahakasi geisha, etc .. (Theri).

Bhagavan continued teaching until the birth of a new age eighty Nirvana countless medical opinion.Beijing says, disciples His prominent include: 
* About monks:  (Anguttara Economics I, offenders Win).

- Venerable Kieu-ceiling-As the first monks.
- Venerable Sariputta: First Intelligence.
- Venerable Section-devout-venture: Supernatural First.
- Ton Ca-lettuce author: First starter momentum.
- Venerable Pros-three-ly: First Morality.
- Illustration A-recruiter-term-momentum: First Thien label.
- The venerable She-threads (Bhaddiya): Sounds wonderful filed best.
- The venerable Phu-long-na (puñña · Mantaniputta): First lecture.
- Venerable Ca-fried-performing (Maha Kaccana): widely First lecture
- The venerable Ba-threads (Bhaddiya): You First tribe.
- Venerable Pindola Bharadyaja: Talking lions roar measures with the most followers.
- Venerable Rāhula: Preferred learning First.
- Venerable Tu-Bodhi (Subhuti): pure and countless avoid First, is offering First.
- the venerable Radha: User Action First.
- the venerable Kiep-neo-na (Maha Kappina): Church world First.
- the venerable Revata: solitary meditation practitioners Best.

* About nuns:

- Female Venerable Ma-ha-ba-bar-ba-Title: First Presbyterian Ni (from first).
- Khema: First Intelligence.
- Uppalavanna: First Supernatural.
- Dhammadinna: First Lecture .
- Nanda: First meditation.
- Bakula: First Thien label.
- Bhaddakaccana: First place victory.
- Kisagotami: crude bring medical easiest.
- Sigalakamata: Credit First prize.
- Sona: Essential to First .

* About South layman:

- Layman Tapassubhalli: first refuge.
- Level Solitude: Giving First.
- Citta: First Lecture.
- Hatthaka Alavaka: Photography Apparel Junior congregation.
- Hatthigamaka Uggata: Household maintenance First monks.
- Ambattha: Net credit First.
- Nakulapita: Casual First.
- ...

* About Female layman:

- Sujata (Tu-bar-subject): the first refuge.
- Visakha: Giving First.
- Khujjutara: First multicultural.
- Uttara: First Meditation.
- Suppiya: Care Patients First.
- Katiyani: Net credit First.
- Nakulamata: Casual First.
- ...

The last days.
(According Mahaparinibbana Sutta. Where Nikaya III).
In the eighty-year-old is old, Bhagavan decided Nirvana Forever medical opinion, after three times Mara (Mara) request, and after three times Exalted suggestions for Venerable Ananda resident Bhagavan's request that he came to realize what his does not. 
the last three months, the Exalted and venerable Ananda walk from Rajgir to Beluva. 
On the road travel, during this time, Bhagavan has prevented an imminent war between Ma-out-momentum origin of king Ajatasatru (Ajatasattu) and Bat-term parish (which served). 
Exalted of those who continue worthy of. Wanderer pagan Subbaddha was the last to be Exalted ordained, ordained. Not long after that, Subbaddha attained Arhat. This is the Arhat finally Bhagavan before passing away. 
Some other layman, lay Thuan-Da (Cunda), iron workers, are encouraging sermon Exalted, has offered Bhagavan shirt metallic colors (bright yellow) and finally give alms. During this meal, in addition to food there epigastric secondary wood ear (sukara-madde). Finished, Bhagavan l blood disease, pain, but Bhagavan used to force cure convince the Venerable Ananda to continue the journey to Kusinara.Bhagavan taught Cunda "It is a kind of poisonous mushrooms; only eaten unless new Tathagata not die, please bury the remaining portion of food." Bhagavan advised the Venerable Ananda please dispel any remorse can occur inside Cunda about his meal offerings, and dispel misunderstandings about the discussion dissolved into a donated heart of Cunda - (rule of Eight Great Nirvana, Digha III). 
the final teaching.
- "Hey Ananda, France and the Law that I taught and presented, after my passing, the French and that will be the Career Law Teacher of the Mr. "(Ibid. p. 154). 
-" Hey Ananda, after my passing, the school may cancel small world "(Ibid. p. 154). 
-" Hey Pi -kheo (now with the five hundred monks are learning Saints), uneducated, if any monks any doubt about the Buddha, Dharma and we Increase, Path or method, ask the travel time, the ... Let no regrets later. " 
Bhagavan asked three times, but all were silent, expressed no doubt. 
-" Behold the monks, this Tathagata He advises; the Attorney vi is impermanent, be diligent, do not have distractions "(Ibid. p. 156). 
the latter is the teaching of the last teaching of the Tathagata. 
Exalted Forever Enter Y Du Nirvana.
the Religion teaches Venerable Ananda went to the forest Ta-la (Sala) of the Malla clan in Kusinara. Ta-la-season natural full flowering stems. Teach and prepare a place located Exalted head pointing north, between two trees dual Ta-la. Exalted lie on the right hip, legs to the other. After training is complete the final teaching. Bhagavan entered the preliminary application and output Zen Meditation, Zen and output binary binary ideal non Meditation .... Phi Phi idea and ideal non ideal export, import and export Kills Kills life expectancy great idea to import African ideal non and export a great idea ... non-ideal non import Profile Zen, Zen primary production, to enter the quarter-Zen, Zen quartet made, Bhagavan's passing away. 
After Bhagavan death, gods and men, the who has not made except craving is crying, slip the brain; those who take residence except craving is firmly mindful that: "The issue is impermanent, how could it be otherwise?" 
cremation relics and relics Tower Building.
The people in Kusinara continuous Malla bowed, reverently metallic body offering Exalted with dances, music, direction and flowers, then set the pyre at temple Bandhana Makuta. 
Kim's relatives learned Exalted 500 cloth (on a fine cloth , a layer of coarse cloth), placed in a box made of iron head, this box is sealed by an iron coffin other. Pyre made of wood scents. 
Seamless cremation can not catch fire until Ton author Dai Ca-lettuce bowed up on the foot of Bhagavan.(When the news Bhagavan passed the venerable Dai Ca-lettuce is in the middle of the way from Pava to Kusinara). 
When burnt, no body or ashes rest, that only relics. A water line from nowhere and a water line from the plant off I-la sprinkle stake. People then sprinkle Malla things off with the pineapple juice. 
Dan Malla Xa-profit religious knowledge in lecture halls, seven days bowed respectfully, offering dance, music, floral offerings. 
Relics were divided into eight sections for:

1. King of Maggadha.
2. Licchavi clan in Vesani (Sat-insole-profit line).
3. Field Sakyamuni in Ca-Pi-la-defense.
4. The influx of Puli in Allakappa (Sat-insole-profit line).
5. Those Koli in Ramagama (Sat-insole-profit line).
6. Those Malla in Kusinara.
7. Those Malla at Pava.
8. Vethadipaka Brahmin.

Ten towers were erected to worship Xa-profit:

- Eight towers worship reflector-profit.
- A church tower used to split the pot Xa-profit.
- A tower of ash Xa-profit worship.

Thought Differences Between India And Buddhism Under Exalted Time.
Thought India before the Buddha and the Buddha's time:
The researchers of Indian thinkers often have many different perspectives. Speaking about the relationship between Vedic and Buddhist too. Must be a real work can elaborate any discrimination clear and valuable about anomalies between India and Buddhist thought.
In this brief presentation, we advocate cited few typical comments and add your own opinion based on years and four Agama Nikàya.
According to Radhakrishnan and Moore, in his book "Indian Philophy" Indian philosophy is divided into five phases:
* phase I: From 2500 600 TTL TTL phase of Vedic thought.
* phase II: From 600 to 200 TL TTL phase-shift ideological hero
* stage III: the period of the first century Calendar , stage of Business (Sutra). This phase consists of the philosophy are:

- Nyana or Reality logic (Logical Realism).
- Win Vaisesika or speech, or pluralistic realism.
- Samkhya or of speech, or dualism Evolution (Evolutionary dualism).
- Yoga or Meditation.
- Purva Mimamsa: the interpretation of the first works of Vedic related to Gender, and Uttara Mimamsa or later on research related to Vedic knowledge, also called Ve-above-trend (Vedanta), destination Vedas.

* Phase IV: the academic phase, the phase of the discussion paper to explain the Kinh was born. 
* Phase V: Ideology and contemporary India. 
Period is the period Vedic thoughts culture and civilization Aryans from Central Asia transmitted. This is the philosophical stage in the achievement of the Upanishads. There are four types of Vedic: Anak recite the Know (Rig Veda-), the International Vedic self (Yajur Veda-); Vedic Mantra on, Ca Bay (Samma-Veda), and Vedic Atharva by Taoist tradition, there are personalities involved physicians and meaningful implementation of the other three (Atharva Veda-). 
Thought mainly the Indians in Vedic period are: the truth revealed by god to mankind at the beginning of each cycle the universe (each cycle: 4320 million years on earth. Rig-Veda mentions a lot of gods as the sun god (Surya), the god of Fire (Aggi), god of the sky (Dyaus), the god of Storms (Maruts), the god of wind (Vayu or Vata), the god of water (Apas), the god of Dawn (Usas), god Land (Prthivi), etc .. But Radhakrishnan and Moore (Ibid, p. 5) when the Indians worship any god he became the god lord god (creator and destroy the universe.) so , Vedic polytheism has meaning, is both the most significant god, can be called a god equal priority (or Kathenotheism Henotheism). 
by the second period of thought in India, Buddhism appeared with the United -na teachers (Jainism), Saivism and Vaisnavism. 
Buddhism appeared meant to bring a content Buddhism ideological content other than India and the previous time. 
PD Mehta, in his book "Early Indian religious thought" publishers Limited Lussac and published in London in 1956, wrote: "religion is the Buddha suggested is very unique, it's a startling difference with all other major religions. Dharma, which is not a holy man or absolute, is the source. The goal is selflessness, the end of suffering, and the realization of immortality, Nirvana ... ". 
(But as pronounced by the Buddha Religion is so startling Original khác và không all the other great Religions. The Dhamma, and not a Divine Person or Absolute, is the fountain head. The goal is selflessness, the cessation from being a source of sufffering and evil, and the realization of the Deathlessness of Nirvana ...) (p. 186-187 ).
George Grimm, a German scholar, is a Buddhist, in the appendix, "the Doctrine of the Buddha as the Flower of Indian Thought" by the book "the Doctrine of the Buddha" (the English translation of Pi -kheo Silacara) wrote: "the teaching of the Buddha's teachings also called No-self, as opposed to the doctrine of the fall Clean-male-majority" (.. . "the doctrine of the Buddha is the doctrine of cũng gọi not-I, anattà-vada, as contrasted with the I-doctrine, the Āttā-vada, of the Vedanta " ) - (p. 370). 
There is a lot of in Nikàya and Agama presented clear differences between the Indian doctrine and Buddhism. We, writers, noting that it was Ven own views and Sarvastivadins sets. 
Brahma Net Sutra (Brahmajâla Suttam) sixty-second presentation of the argument accept the Indian doctrine distinct from that time Buddhism. Including eighteen argument arises over the past (including permanent four arguments, the four semi thuoung impermanence selling argument, reasoning four boundless finite, four sophistry, inhuman and two arguments), thirty-nine cases on similar reasoning hybrid (including compliance with sixteen great conclusion after death, eight mortgage mindless argument after death, eight argument can not accept not without great idea after death, and seven arguments cessation) and in observance of the current argument Nirvana in conclusion (Han organ equivalent of Pham Dong, A-levels). 
correspondence No Notes (Avyakata), Samyutta Nikaya IV, presented the accepted conclusion, the present opinion the reason is due to the loving presence of competitors, fraternal, loving kindness, is due to clinging ego (Lust, Feeling, Perception, Action and consciousness). This is a clear distinction between the Indian doctrine under Exalted with Buddhism. One theory behind the policy related to the Self, one behind all the legal guidelines are Anatta. Some scholars thought that time that Vedic and Buddhist meet in theory Retribution (Kamma, Skt. Karma), Samsara (Samsara) and Liberation. The writer thinks that this is just the same in the name (noun), but the content of what they contain disparate. The policy of karma, reincarnation, cause and effect, freed of Buddhism will be presented in Chapter Dharma. 
Kinh Pham Dong (Han organ, school A-levels, vol 14) presented similar arguments about sixty-two accepted and filed on the right in this business that the "State religion by clinging initiated five aggregates that accept arguments that sixty-two." 
Nikàya and Agama stance can be seen as loyal stance Buddhism genesis (original) one. Here the differences are evident as the foundation of Buddhism and contemporary Indian thought and before that. 
Going into the social phenomenon of caste discrimination in India, the differences compared to the more Buddhist more conspicuous. The phenomenon of class division that has thousands of years ago to the time Bhagavan and lasted until the early modern and modern. 
The four classes of Indian society (including Brahmin, Sat imperial interests, Phệ-amnesty and Prime-momentum) is derived from the Rig-Veda trading, the oldest scriptures of Hinduism. Rig Veda-chapter X, 90, 11 stated that: "His mouth was a monk Brahmin (Brahmana), he made up his arms and soldiers (Kshatriya), two of traders His thighs (Vaishyas) , his feet a servant (Shudra). " 
The people of different caste marriage is not the same, not to eat at my table, not the ceremony. Dalit prime-da-la particularly abused and scorned. 
Meanwhile, Buddhism advocates caste equality, equality between people with the same blood red, the salty tears. This view is presented in many of the Nikaya and Agama. Because of this difference, but there are some Brahmin teacher so far, view Buddhism as hostile, said the Blessed Traditional reversed India.

Leveler four Indian caste is advocated bringing revolutionary ideas and social revolution. The policy of Bhagavan which, together with the views of the doctrine of liberation of the Chair, speaks unique position in the history of Buddhism in India, as well as in the history of mankind. Whether the Buddhist sect have looked at some different definition of Bhagavan, that does not alter the unique values.END=NAM MO AMITABHA BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH GIAC TAM.THE MIND OF ENLIGHTENMENT.VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN AMITABHA PURELAND=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.16/11/2016.