The foundation of Buddhism 's Four Noble Truths - includes suffering ( reason for existence of Buddhism ); The origin of suffering is due to compassion ; the eradication of suffering, called Nirvana , Nibbana ( finality of Buddhism ) (22) and the Middle Way (leading to termination of the pain).
What is the supreme truth of suffering?
" Birth is suffering, aging is suffering, illness is suffering, death is suffering, living close to oneself is not love is suffering, living away from the person you love is suffering, not what you wish is suffering and suffering for the body contemporary five warm " .
What is the Noble Truth of the Origin of Suffering?
"It is craving , have led us to the cycle of birth and death constantly , followed with hearts desire , at birth place, birth and there; it is the craving for sensual pleasures, craving life exists , and passion into nothingness ".
What is the Noble Truth of the cessation of suffering ?
"It is the absence, the complete cessation of love ; the abandoned , loose, hiding , and freed from craving " .
The Noble Truth , what is the path to the cessation of suffering ?
" It is the Noble Eightfold Path , consists of right understanding , right thought , right speech , right action , right livelihood , right effort , mindfulness , and right concentration" .
Whether the Buddhas are born or not, these four Noble Truths still exist in the universe . Buddha just realize the truth that lay hidden in the abyss of ignorance of the time .
Scientifically speaking, the Dhamma can be called the law of cause and effect. This law covers the whole teaching of the Buddha .
Three truths first presents the philosophy of Buddhism , the truth Wednesday expressed about ethics of Buddhism , which it is building on that philosophy. All Four Noble Truths are dependent on this body itself us . Buddha taught: "In the long span of the body, along with perceptions and thoughts , Tathagata declared on earth , the origin of the earth , the termination of the earth , And the path to the cessation of the world. " Here, the word "world" is meant to indicate suffering.
Buddhism is built on the basis of suffering. But not thereby follow that sure that Buddhism is pessimistic . Buddhism does not advocate complete pessimism or optimism ; but on the contrary , Buddhism overs truth middle , between the two attitudes that. One can tell that the Buddha was pessimistic if he instructs the truth of suffering, without giving these teachings to help people terminated are so miserable there. The Buddha enlightened the common characteristic of suffering, and prescribes prescriptive medicine for the universal suffering of mankind . According to the Buddha , happiness at winning is nirvana , which is the termination completely all the suffering.
In The Encyclopedia (Encyclopaedia Britannnica), author while explaining the doctrine bi Qian wrote: "To assume that pessimism presents an attitude of hopelessness towards life, a notion general and vague for that the life of man filled the suffering and sin . The original teachings of the Buddha , in fact , are as optimistic as any optimism of the West . That Buddhist pessimism is merely to particularly apply it on the principle of the West in which happiness is impossible without personality. People Buddhist genuine desire with zeal, seek to reach a background of happiness everlasting. "
Often the enjoyment of sexual pleasures is the only source of happiness and the ultimate happiness of secular people . There is no doubt happy precarious in the first beneficiaries , and passion and reminisce the pleasures of material andfleeting; But they are just fake and transient . According to the Buddha , not passionate craving is happy noblest.
Buddha did not advise the disciples of Him often think of the suffering, and towards a life misfortune of suffering. He taught them to be always joyful and happy , for zest (Piti) or "fun" is one of the virtues of the Enlightenment .
True happiness is found in his heart and not the concept of happiness is where the wealth , children, fame and possessive . If the assets that were used false , created by the rape and underhanded ; Spend extravagant , or watch with attachment; They will become the source of all suffering and affliction for the owner .
Instead of trying sensible suffering, Buddhism takes suffering thing of course , and to find the cause to eradicate it. Suffering exists where there is greed. It can only be eradicated by practicing according to the Noble Eightfold Path , and achievehappiness sublime of Nirvana .
These four truths can be attested by experience. Therefore, the teaching of the Buddha is not based on the fear of the unknown; But it is built on the basis of facts that we can explore and prove by experience. Therefore, Buddhism is rational and empirical.
A system of rational and empirical like, impossible to contain teachings esoteric or mystical . Therefore, Buddhism does not accept receiving faith blindly . Where there is no trust blindly , where there can be no coercion , abuse or fanatical . When referring to the value of Buddhism , we can say that experiencing (more) 2,500 years of peaceful development, not a drop of blood was shed in the name of the Buddha ; No mighty king has swung his powerful sword to spread Buddhism ; and did not have a conversion was done by force, or by the method of forced else. However , the Buddha is a missionary of peace first and greatest on earth .
Aldous Huxley (23) wrote: " In the religion large on the world , the only only Buddhism has evangelized without persecution, censorship or inquisition" .
Lord Russell (24) notes : " In the great religions of history , I like Buddhism , especially in its original form , because it has very little persecution . "
Under the name of Buddhism , no place of worship was tainted by Hypatia's innocent blood (25) and no philosopher like Bruno (26) was burned alive.
Buddhism focuses intellectual than emotional. Buddhist attention to the character of the believer rather than strength in numbers.
Day, Siha (27), a follower of Nigantha Nataputta (28) approached the Buddha and happy words teachings of Buddha . He immediately expressed his desire to become his disciple . But the Buddha advised him as follows: - "The layman , in fact , you should think carefully. As good as you are , you should think carefully before acting. "
Bourgeois Siha, upon hearing this unexpected of the Buddha , he was very excited, and said, "O Buddha , had I been a disciple of a rabbi other, the followers of he will The palanquin walked across the street and claimed that the millionaire had renounced his former religion , to follow their religion . But the Buddha , he advised me to think again. Listen to this teaching , the more you honor him. Second, transparent glass Tathagata ,
Buddhism permeates the spirit of freedom to learn and generous tolerance . That is the teaching of the spirit of openness and spirit of sympathy ; a doctrine lighting and heating the whole universe with its twin rays wisdom and compassion compassion; and projection blazing halo of her throughout all beings are fighting genial in the ocean of birth and death .
The Buddha was very lenient, he never used the authority to issue precepts to his disciples. Instead of using the inducement , the Buddha taught: - " You should do this, I should not do that ". He did not command, but advised. Heart from this compassion of the Buddha was how pervading the people men and women and all living beings .
Buddha was the first to have tried to cancel regime trafficking human slaves , and strongly opposed the system class decadence , but it was rooted deep in the heart of the society of India . The Buddha taught not to be born-again, human beings to be ungrateful or noble, but because of their actions. According to Buddhism , caste or race is not a prerequisite for a person to become a Buddhist or an enthousiast and a Church . People fishing, dustman, daughter Gypsy , along with the soldiers and hermit Brahmins (Brahmins) are freely accepted in the Church ; It enjoys every privilege , status and hierarchy.
For example, Upali - Uu Ba Ly (29) is a shoemaker, was recruited, among other saints , as the elder , reciting the law of Vinaya (Buddha). He Sunita (30), a worker scans the road timid , who attained results Arhat , was Buddha acquired in the Prelature . He Angulimala (31), suffered violent robbers surrender followed the Buddha . Mr. Alavaka (32) cruel, took refuge in the Buddha and became a saint. Girls Gypsy Ambapali (33) was obtained in the Church , and have attained Arhat . Such cases can be found in the Tipitaka ; prove that the door of Buddhism is open to all people , no class distinction , color or position.
Buddha also enhance the status of every woman scorned, and not only help them advance to play a role important in the society , which he has established a Church first for every woman ordained , With all the rules .
The Buddha did not despise women , but only noted their weak nature . He recognized goodwill where both genders male and female , and the Buddha put them into the correct position of each gender in the teachings of God. Male or female is not an obstacle for attaining sainthood .
The term Pali "Matugama" is sometimes used to refer to women , which means mother, or the society of mothers.
As a mother, the woman has occupied an honorary position in Buddhism . Even the wife is seen as her "best friend".
What a critic hasty and biased , when they reproach Buddhism is not friendly to women . Although the first, for reasons adequately , the Buddha refused to disapprove comments for women in the Church ( ordained ); but later, he was depending upon according to claim her cell samples Ma Ha Pajapati - Pajapati Gotami (34), and established the Church Bhikshuni (Bhikkhuni). As the Lord Arhat Shariputra (Sariputta) and Moggallana (Moggallana) are both disciples of the Church monks , the Buddha has nominated two Arahat Khema (35) and Uppalavanna (36) as their defense of the Church Bhikshuni . Many other female disciples , also the Buddha listed in his elite and fervent. Buddha has nominated two Arahat Khema (35) and Uppalavanna (36) as the masses of the ChurchBhikshuni . Many other female disciples , also the Buddha listed in his elite and fervent. Buddha has nominated two Arahat Khema (35) and Uppalavanna (36) as the masses of the Church Bhikshuni . Many other female disciples , also the Buddhalisted in his elite and fervent.
One day, the Buddha advised King Kiều Tát La - Kosala (37) who felt unhappy to hear that the queen had just given birth to a princess :
" O Prince Dai Vuong , a girl, sometimes even better than the birth of a grandson" .
Many women , which had been forgotten, has proved outstanding in every aspect , and achieve liberation , thanks to practice according to the teachings and joined the Church ( nuns ). In the Church this new Order, which later proved to have brought a happy great for many women , queen, princess , small poems in every noble ; Widows, lonely mothers , miserable women , until Grade Girls Gypsy pitiful - all, without discrimination class or rank, are together to meet, to enjoy fully the source of happiness and peace ; as well as absorb the atmosphere of freedom , which was not found in people who live trapped in the upstairs lipstick and electric turquoise.
It is the Buddha himself who forbids the killing of animals , and encourages the disciples to spread the Metta to all sentient beings - even to the smallest creatures (insects) crawling under their feet. No one has the right or reason for anything to kill the lives of others, because life is precious to all people .
A person Buddhists rightly should practice kindness towards all living beings , and himself assimilated to all, without distinction between classes , races or the gender ( male and female ).
It is this kind heart of Buddhism that breaks down the fence between people and people. There is no reason for you to live away from others, just because they are not of the same religion or different country . On inscriptions (Edict) filled with tolerance sublime, grounded in the classics Culla-Vyuha and Maha-Vyuha, Abimelech Education - Asoka (38) has said: "Only the harmony is nice most; That means that everyone should be happy to listen to the teachings of others who preach. "
Buddhism unlimited term of any national or ethnic special public. That Buddhism is the whole ( everyone ). Buddhism is not national neo , or said another, a form of the system of caste , be established on a foundation of broad more. Buddhism, if allowed to call such, is an ultra neo- country .
For Buddhists , there are no relatives, no adversaries or strangers , no one betrays or can not contact them; because kindness compassion immense with sympathetic understanding , was built on the brotherhood between all beings . People Buddhist righteous is a citizen of the world . They view the whole world as their homeland, and all their relatives .
Therefore, only with the Buddhist new consisting of the virtues of tolerance , non- aggression , rational , empirical, effective and universal . Buddhism is an influential noble in every affected unified, and is a capability unique can improve the world ( man ).
Above are a few characteristics of Buddhism , and the basic teachings of Buddhism , we can say is - Theory of Karma (Kamma) or Law Ethics Causation , the Doctrine of Rebirth , Anatta ( anatta) and Nirvana (Nibbana).END=NAM MO AMITABHA BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH GIAC TAM.THE MIND OF ENLIGHTENMENT.VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN AMITABHA PURELAND=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.16/4/2017.
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