Basic Buddhist Studies-Volume One.

Part I – lesson 2

Buddhist Ethics

 

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A. Lead type

Buddhist ethics is a major religion of humanity; the influence of Buddhism to humans and society carry huge significance in the course of human progress, and has created a human culture in the spirit of the Asia Society West over 2,000 years. Buddhist ethics has conquered the West a gentle way full of inspired. Rhys Davids, a professor and historian, said: "It Is Buddhist or not Buddhist, I have is observing all religious systems of the world, I've discovered that no one religion can pass in terms of beauty and the legitimacy of the Bowl holds four noble truths of Buddha. I am very happy to bring my life application under that path". Don't stop here, Westerners also hope Buddhism will underpin the religion of the future; humanity needs to have a religion that meets the needs of survival and development consistent with the new conditions of society. The progress too fast of engineering science has created the social crisis, in terms of ecology, culture, psychology, ethics ... Albert Einsteins, a physicist, said that: "the religion of the future will be a global religion, beyond all the gods, religion and theology. Religion must cover both natural and supernatural aspects, set on the basis of ethical consciousness emanates from the overall experience includes all aspects on, in what for be full of meaning. Buddhism meets the conditions ".

Buddhist ethics had something special that was the sympathetic and praising people's time? Perhaps the featured article is Buddhism a religion without God, the doctrine has no dogma.

The Buddha called Buddha, Sanskrit, meaning the enlightened, awakened person, who has eradicated tham si yard, have achieved liberation fullness. Buddhist ethics is the way due to the Buddha declared, convey; the way he was the actual experimental evidence. So we can say that Buddhism is a method of living, perhaps living, the lifestyle to be authentically happy, like Bishop Milman commented: "I'm increasingly feeling The Sakyamuni is closest in character and his influence; He is the way, the truth, is probably alive ".

The Buddha's personality is expressed through the Scriptures record shows Him just what he was teaching, the need for escape life gauge. Therefore, the content of Buddhism not in ritual, mythology or philosophy, which is in the lifestyle, the way to behave towards ourselves, between people with people, between people and nature with the universe.

B. content

I-the aim of Buddhism

The Buddhist refuge according to Buddha, practical maintenance chanting, worship, study the Scriptures, Zazen, onions. .. have distinct purposes. A Central economic Function, the Buddha taught the 3 main purposes:

1)-want to subduing yourself: Subduing yourself i.e. mastered myself, is tame, are anger, evil. So, subduing its self means to achieve freedom. Freedom is the Supreme aspiration of mankind, is the essential needs after the dining needs, but the essence of freedom is not the same as each other. The more people search for freedom on the outside, the more loss of freedom, that someone said: "people just have the freedom to choose the loss of freedom". The concept of loss of freedom in Buddhism is the tied, being entangled into desire, anger, harm. So, subduing her, tame instinct of his desire, his victory is the self to reach freedom.

The Buddha taught that, the Buddhist capable of subduing the self though the pursuit of profit, reputation, career, build love ... when the ones he failed, been changed, betrayed ... He is still an okay, Byzantines, being pros, sorrow, melancholy play madness, suicide ... Such is the purpose of Buddhism.

2)-want to achieve purity, peace: The peace depends on thinking, human emotions. If the mind of a man who dominated, was tame by anxiety, depressed, fearful they could not have peace. Peace and happiness go hand in hand with each other; happy or not depends on the attitude the stable mentality or not. A healthy and wealthy people, but in the boiling tub desire or hatred, then he cannot have the peace and happiness; a person full of Fame and success that in the worry of insecurity, fear overpower cannot be happy.

The Buddha taught that a person achieve purity, peace is people when there is no fun to, what to fear, anxiety and they do not govern, purgatory; that a person not be dominant, encumbered with the thinking of taking exercise, anger and evil; that a person who achieved the status of the mind such as meditation Profile until the four meditation, as in the words Dhammapada taught: "no happy c would greater by the tranquility of the mind". This is the second goal of Buddhism.

3)-want to achieve liberation-Nirvana: This is the ultimate purpose of all the Buddhist: end all suffering, birth death escapist reincarnation the intellectual achievement, fullness. True and lasting suffering is ignorance; true happiness and eternal is the cessation of ignorance, which is the due of Belgium on the left bank, is "ignorance kills intelligent beings".

There are 3 purposes, can be divided into 2 parts: purpose of near and distant goal. Near is the rise to life liberty and happiness, as far as reaching peace eternal Nirvana. Buddha's teachings help people plier, master ourselves. This is the first step, is the Foundation of every virtue, every progress made since then, purity and peace of spirit, transform the whole of life has brought insecurity and suffering, become an okay and happy. Says the purpose is to far and near, in fact both are one. Implement the freedom, autonomy, then brought to peace and happiness. There was peace and happiness leads to liberation, Nirvana, Nirvana done right this life realms.

II-The typical feature of Buddhism

1)-freedom of thought: Buddhist ethics are not systematically dogma, not dogma as the basis as most other religions. Faith of Buddhism was always coupled with the "found", one of the definitions of Dhamma is "to see", not "came to believe". Therefore, the Chief Justice opinion always head in the virtues. The word of the Buddha for the population of Kàlama was the home of Western scholars considered the Declaration on freedom of thought: "Hey, Kàlama, do not be guided by the report, or by tradition, or by rumors. Do not be led by the authority, or classics by such reasoning, or by physical impairment, or by the judgment in appearance, or because the interest in the arguments, or by what seems to be happening, or because the thought is our lawyers ' Ethics. But the Kàlama, when you know for sure that it is, as well, be accepted and according to them " (Genus I).

Rejected the dogma and blind faith, encourage freedom analysis, survey, which is a trait of Buddhism.

2)-spiritual self: The creator whom God or creator or the gods are worshipped, trusting people because of them that can ban Phuc or Christmas. This is the view of the psychology of fear, weakness, loss of confidence has produced (or most spirit or God).

Buddhist ethics with law of cause and effect, the newspaper industry has talked up the spirit of personal responsibility and community before the pain and happiness of yourself. The Buddha said: "I was the successor of the Act, who is carrying with him his actions" (TAH 135).

The Buddha is not a God who gives us the circumstances change or the status of his take. The Buddha declares: "As the only Hybrid was the only way, each person must go to, no one goes for one". Works off open treasure tri Buddha was the work of ants each individual. The path of self he is the Buddha as follows: "this the Bhikkhu stilts, let yourself burn up her own torch, lit up with the Chief Justice of France, do not lit up with a France. Make yourself your own refuge place, refuge with Chief Justice French, don't cry with one other French " (A School Function I).

Spiritual self with this mirror is a thoroughly characteristic of Buddhism.

3)-spiritual words, bi, Hy, discharge: Beings are also suffering, the Buddhism also role and position in life; Buddhism is often called compassionate relief, Kwantung suffering. Where is Buddhism, in which love, in which hatred is unresolved. Because Buddhist's motto is from, bi, Hy, discharge, also known as the four immeasurable heart. The Buddhist retrieved from, bi, Hy, discharge as the basis for the development of St. almond; the heart of compassion is considered the mind of Buddha, "Buddha mind loads of real compassion".

In the process of evangelization, Buddhism never cause war or bloodshed. The message of love of life was suffering, help the Buddha declared dogma right from the early establishment of the Congregation: "this the Bhikkhu stilts, be happy because travel to the masses, because compassion for life, for the benefit, for happiness, for peace and for the human and divine".

Metta is the ability to donate pleasure for humanity. The mind is the ability to transcend suffering are present. The mind is the fun Hy, happy serenity so graciously offer. Rough is the gentle, relaxed freely, without discrimination. The Buddha teaches the Buddhist practice the four immeasurable heart: "who's an stay turned a chronic until ten method with the mind from, bi, Hy, discharge of boundless generosity, no hate, no ... for all forms of life, do not skip and miss a who does not turn with the mind freed along with from , bi, Hy, discharge " (The I). Kind and loving great wall type beings is the material lives of Buddhism.

4)-spiritual practices: One of the definitions of "practical", that is, the doctrine of Buddhism is realistic, not vague, practical, specific effects, not such theories. "Current" means not waiting results in the future, there is Liberation orientation, right now, in this lifetime. Thus, the doctrine of Buddhism is the doctrine of empirical, not waiting for a grace or a revelation. The Buddha often refused to answer questions about the metaphysical issues. He just taught what is essential for life, for the path of escape. There are times in Kosambi, the Buddha said: "what As known as Hybrid leaves in the forest, did what As Hybrid teaching as holding leaves in hand, but this is the method of removal of suffering" í

Buddhist ethics for the suffering that the majority of people do not live with them at present, they are often now regret the past, dreams of the future; Therefore, the meaning of lost life:

"So looking forward to the upcoming
Because the coal is over
Should guys wilt worn facilities
As the green shoots "ripped off lau

Or:

"Do not look on the past
You thought to the future
The past was no longer
The future is not to
Make consistent projection of life
In the present moment. "

Practical, realistic at present is a characteristic of Buddhism.

5)-the spirit does not accept the seat: Buddhist ethics is freed and freedom; stuck on anything are also brought to the suffering. The Buddha said: "life is impermanent, so it brings suffering (because the accept is usually). The impermanence that we give is mine, we shall absolutely not reasonable ". The rescue is the transcend any binding, cling to the life.

Thanks to the spirit does not accept the seat should be the attitude of Buddhism widely, tolerance, the Buddhist's very first glance. Business for example the snake, the Buddha Dhamma examples such as the raft to cross the River, not to hold; the Chief Justice also must discharge, scenarios are illegal. Similarly, the Dharani Sutra also says: "doctrine as false French trade but the Chief example Tycoon discharge illegal situation," or the HA said: "what is called Dharma news isn't the Dharma so called the Buddha Dharma".

The spirit does not accept the player's intellectual content of Buddhism; the effect of the spirit, in addition to the offer to freed, also provides relief from all the pressure, inhibition of the life up on human psychology. This is a characteristic of Buddhism.

C. conclusion

The presence of Buddhism has given birth to new gas flow to society at the time, India has opened an outlet for people before the impasse, the crisis on social, philosophical and ethical ideas about learning. Praise the Buddha of contemporaries also records proved that: "Sir, Ðàm Limited range, such as magic stands back what was thrown down, exposing what was hidden, just a way for people to get lost direction, bringing light into the darkness to anyone with eyes can see" (Nikàya).

For over 2,500 years, Buddhism has been challenged, rubbed with time and space; value, the effect of Buddhism still. Today, before the advances in material civilization transition was shoved into the deep hole in man of ambition, hatred. Still fierce war in the world, poverty, disease, disasters still threaten the lives of mankind. As human civilization, the more unspeakable worry, fear the new, overpopulation, environmental pollution, ecological destruction, economic and social pressure on on the human mind creates psychological suppression. Despite ethical ice loss of balance between ethics and enjoyment. Buddhist ethics with the practical framework discharge, cloning, with the motto compassion Hy discharge, delete, accept the hatred, will continue the mission to neutralize the suffering to humanity.

All beings are Buddha's name, are all capable of enlightenment, has the ability to make true happiness on the planet. Such is the teachings of the Buddha.END=NAM MO AMITABHA BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=THICH GIAC TAM.VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=VIETNAMESE GOLDEN AMITABHA PURELAND=AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.19/9/2016.